matplotlib
Color options
https://matplotlib.org/2.0.2/examples/color/named_colors.html
Changing the figure sizes
fig= plt.figure(figsize=(6,3)) see [http://www.learningaboutelectronics.com/Articles/How-to-set-the-size-of-a-figure-in-matplotlib-with-Python.php]
Changing the boring, lame, stupid defaults
find this file ‘’’
import matplotlib matplotlib.matplotlib_fname() ‘/home/foo/.config/matplotlib/matplotlibrc’ ‘’’
Edit and paste this ‘’’
MATPLOTLIBRC FORMAT
This is a sample matplotlib configuration file - you can find a copy
of it on your system in
site-packages/matplotlib/mpl-data/matplotlibrc. If you edit it
there, please note that it will be overwritten in your next install.
If you want to keep a permanent local copy that will not be
overwritten, place it in the following location:
unix/linux:
$HOME/.config/matplotlib/matplotlibrc or
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/matplotlib/matplotlibrc (if $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is set)
other platforms:
$HOME/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc
#
See http://matplotlib.org/users/customizing.html#the-matplotlibrc-file for
more details on the paths which are checked for the configuration file.
#
This file is best viewed in a editor which supports python mode
syntax highlighting. Blank lines, or lines starting with a comment
symbol, are ignored, as are trailing comments. Other lines must
have the format
key : val # optional comment
#
Colors: for the color values below, you can either use - a
matplotlib color string, such as r, k, or b - an rgb tuple, such as
(1.0, 0.5, 0.0) - a hex string, such as ff00ff or #ff00ff - a scalar
grayscale intensity such as 0.75 - a legal html color name, eg red,
blue, darkslategray
CONFIGURATION BEGINS HERE
The default backend; one of GTK GTKAgg GTKCairo GTK3Agg GTK3Cairo
CocoaAgg MacOSX Qt4Agg Qt5Agg TkAgg WX WXAgg Agg Cairo GDK PS PDF SVG
Template.
You can also deploy your own backend outside of matplotlib by
referring to the module name (which must be in the PYTHONPATH) as
‘module://my_backend’.
backend : qt4agg
If you are using the Qt4Agg backend, you can choose here
to use the PyQt4 bindings or the newer PySide bindings to
the underlying Qt4 toolkit.
#backend.qt4 : PyQt4 # PyQt4 | PySide
Note that this can be overridden by the environment variable
QT_API used by Enthought Tool Suite (ETS); valid values are
“pyqt” and “pyside”. The “pyqt” setting has the side effect of
forcing the use of Version 2 API for QString and QVariant.
The port to use for the web server in the WebAgg backend.
webagg.port : 8888
If webagg.port is unavailable, a number of other random ports will
be tried until one that is available is found.
webagg.port_retries : 50
When True, open the webbrowser to the plot that is shown
webagg.open_in_browser : True
When True, the figures rendered in the nbagg backend are created with
a transparent background.
nbagg.transparent : True
if you are running pyplot inside a GUI and your backend choice
conflicts, we will automatically try to find a compatible one for
you if backend_fallback is True
#backend_fallback: True
#interactive : False #toolbar : toolbar2 # None | toolbar2 (“classic” is deprecated) #timezone : UTC # a pytz timezone string, eg US/Central or Europe/Paris
Where your matplotlib data lives if you installed to a non-default
location. This is where the matplotlib fonts, bitmaps, etc reside
#datapath : /home/jdhunter/mpldata
LINES
See http://matplotlib.org/api/artist_api.html#module-matplotlib.lines for more
information on line properties.
lines.linewidth : 6.0 # line width in points #lines.linestyle : - # solid line lines.color : red # has no affect on plot(); see axes.color_cycle #lines.marker : None # the default marker #lines.markeredgewidth : 0.5 # the line width around the marker symbol #lines.markersize : 6 # markersize, in points #lines.dash_joinstyle : miter # miter|round|bevel #lines.dash_capstyle : butt # butt|round|projecting #lines.solid_joinstyle : miter # miter|round|bevel #lines.solid_capstyle : projecting # butt|round|projecting #lines.antialiased : True # render lines in antialised (no jaggies)
PATCHES
Patches are graphical objects that fill 2D space, like polygons or
circles. See
http://matplotlib.org/api/artist_api.html#module-matplotlib.patches
information on patch properties
#patch.linewidth : 1.0 # edge width in points #patch.facecolor : blue #patch.edgecolor : black #patch.antialiased : True # render patches in antialised (no jaggies)
FONT
#
font properties used by text.Text. See
http://matplotlib.org/api/font_manager_api.html for more
information on font properties. The 6 font properties used for font
matching are given below with their default values.
#
The font.family property has five values: ‘serif’ (e.g., Times),
‘sans-serif’ (e.g., Helvetica), ‘cursive’ (e.g., Zapf-Chancery),
‘fantasy’ (e.g., Western), and ‘monospace’ (e.g., Courier). Each of
these font families has a default list of font names in decreasing
order of priority associated with them. When text.usetex is False,
font.family may also be one or more concrete font names.
#
The font.style property has three values: normal (or roman), italic
or oblique. The oblique style will be used for italic, if it is not
present.
#
The font.variant property has two values: normal or small-caps. For
TrueType fonts, which are scalable fonts, small-caps is equivalent
to using a font size of ‘smaller’, or about 83% of the current font
size.
#
The font.weight property has effectively 13 values: normal, bold,
bolder, lighter, 100, 200, 300, …, 900. Normal is the same as
400, and bold is 700. bolder and lighter are relative values with
respect to the current weight.
#
The font.stretch property has 11 values: ultra-condensed,
extra-condensed, condensed, semi-condensed, normal, semi-expanded,
expanded, extra-expanded, ultra-expanded, wider, and narrower. This
property is not currently implemented.
#
The font.size property is the default font size for text, given in pts.
12pt is the standard value.
# font.size : 64pt font.family : serif font.style : normal font.variant : normal font.weight : medium font.stretch : normal
note that font.size controls default text sizes. To configure
special text sizes tick labels, axes, labels, title, etc, see the rc
settings for axes and ticks. Special text sizes can be defined
relative to font.size, using the following values: xx-small, x-small,
small, medium, large, x-large, xx-large, larger, or smaller
font.serif : Charter, Bitstream Vera Serif, New Century Schoolbook, Century Schoolbook L, Utopia, ITC Bookman, Bookman, Nimbus Roman No9 L, Times New Roman, Times, Palatino, serif #font.sans-serif : Bitstream Vera Sans, Lucida Grande, Verdana, Geneva, Lucid, Arial, Helvetica, Avant Garde, sans-serif #font.cursive : Apple Chancery, Textile, Zapf Chancery, Sand, cursive #font.fantasy : Comic Sans MS, Chicago, Charcoal, Impact, Western, fantasy #font.monospace : Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, Andale Mono, Nimbus Mono L, Courier New, Courier, Fixed, Terminal, monospace
TEXT
text properties used by text.Text. See
http://matplotlib.org/api/artist_api.html#module-matplotlib.text for more
information on text properties
text.color : red
LaTeX customizations. See http://www.scipy.org/Wiki/Cookbook/Matplotlib/UsingTex
#text.usetex : False # use latex for all text handling. The following fonts # are supported through the usual rc parameter settings: # new century schoolbook, bookman, times, palatino, # zapf chancery, charter, serif, sans-serif, helvetica, # avant garde, courier, monospace, computer modern roman, # computer modern sans serif, computer modern typewriter # If another font is desired which can loaded using the # LaTeX \usepackage command, please inquire at the # matplotlib mailing list #text.latex.unicode : False # use “ucs” and “inputenc” LaTeX packages for handling # unicode strings. #text.latex.preamble : # IMPROPER USE OF THIS FEATURE WILL LEAD TO LATEX FAILURES # AND IS THEREFORE UNSUPPORTED. PLEASE DO NOT ASK FOR HELP # IF THIS FEATURE DOES NOT DO WHAT YOU EXPECT IT TO. # preamble is a comma separated list of LaTeX statements # that are included in the LaTeX document preamble. # An example: # text.latex.preamble : \usepackage{bm},\usepackage{euler} # The following packages are always loaded with usetex, so # beware of package collisions: color, geometry, graphicx, # type1cm, textcomp. Adobe Postscript (PSSNFS) font packages # may also be loaded, depending on your font settings
#text.dvipnghack : None # some versions of dvipng don’t handle alpha # channel properly. Use True to correct # and flush ~/.matplotlib/tex.cache # before testing and False to force # correction off. None will try and # guess based on your dvipng version
#text.hinting : auto # May be one of the following: # ‘none’: Perform no hinting # ‘auto’: Use freetype’s autohinter # ‘native’: Use the hinting information in the # font file, if available, and if your # freetype library supports it # ‘either’: Use the native hinting information, # or the autohinter if none is available. # For backward compatibility, this value may also be # True === ‘auto’ or False === ‘none’. #text.hinting_factor : 8 # Specifies the amount of softness for hinting in the # horizontal direction. A value of 1 will hint to full # pixels. A value of 2 will hint to half pixels etc.
#text.antialiased : True # If True (default), the text will be antialiased. # This only affects the Agg backend.
The following settings allow you to select the fonts in math mode.
They map from a TeX font name to a fontconfig font pattern.
These settings are only used if mathtext.fontset is ‘custom’.
Note that this “custom” mode is unsupported and may go away in the
future.
#mathtext.cal : cursive #mathtext.rm : serif #mathtext.tt : monospace #mathtext.it : serif:italic #mathtext.bf : serif:bold #mathtext.sf : sans #mathtext.fontset : cm # Should be ‘cm’ (Computer Modern), ‘stix’, # ‘stixsans’ or ‘custom’ #mathtext.fallback_to_cm : True # When True, use symbols from the Computer Modern # fonts when a symbol can not be found in one of # the custom math fonts.
#mathtext.default : it # The default font to use for math. # Can be any of the LaTeX font names, including # the special name “regular” for the same font # used in regular text.
AXES
default face and edge color, default tick sizes,
default fontsizes for ticklabels, and so on. See
http://matplotlib.org/api/axes_api.html#module-matplotlib.axes
#axes.hold : True # whether to clear the axes by default on axes.facecolor : white # axes background color axes.edgecolor : back # axes edge color axes.linewidth : 0.0 # edge linewidth #axes.grid : False # display grid or not axes.titlesize : xx-large # fontsize of the axes title axes.labelsize : xx-large # fontsize of the x any y labels #axes.labelweight : normal # weight of the x and y labels #axes.labelcolor : black #axes.axisbelow : False # whether axis gridlines and ticks are below # the axes elements (lines, text, etc)
#axes.formatter.limits : -7, 7 # use scientific notation if log10 # of the axis range is smaller than the # first or larger than the second #axes.formatter.use_locale : False # When True, format tick labels # according to the user’s locale. # For example, use ‘,’ as a decimal # separator in the fr_FR locale. #axes.formatter.use_mathtext : False # When True, use mathtext for scientific # notation. #axes.formatter.useoffset : True # If True, the tick label formatter # will default to labeling ticks relative # to an offset when the data range is very # small compared to the minimum absolute # value of the data.
#axes.unicode_minus : True # use unicode for the minus symbol
# rather than hyphen. See
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plus_and_minus_signs#Character_codes
axes.color_cycle : g, g, r, c, m, y, k # color cycle for plot lines
# as list of string colorspecs:
# single letter, long name, or
# web-style hex
#axes.xmargin : 0 # x margin. See axes.Axes.margins
#axes.ymargin : 0 # y margin See axes.Axes.margins
#polaraxes.grid : True # display grid on polar axes #axes3d.grid : True # display grid on 3d axes
TICKS
see http://matplotlib.org/api/axis_api.html#matplotlib.axis.Tick
#xtick.major.size : 4 # major tick size in points #xtick.minor.size : 2 # minor tick size in points #xtick.major.width : 0.5 # major tick width in points #xtick.minor.width : 0.5 # minor tick width in points #xtick.major.pad : 4 # distance to major tick label in points #xtick.minor.pad : 4 # distance to the minor tick label in points #xtick.color : k # color of the tick labels xtick.labelsize : xx-large # fontsize of the tick labels #xtick.direction : in # direction: in, out, or inout
#ytick.major.size : 4 # major tick size in points #ytick.minor.size : 2 # minor tick size in points #ytick.major.width : 0.5 # major tick width in points #ytick.minor.width : 0.5 # minor tick width in points #ytick.major.pad : 4 # distance to major tick label in points #ytick.minor.pad : 4 # distance to the minor tick label in points #ytick.color : k # color of the tick labels ytick.labelsize : xx-large # fontsize of the tick labels #ytick.direction : in # direction: in, out, or inout
GRIDS
#grid.color : black # grid color #grid.linestyle : : # dotted #grid.linewidth : 0.5 # in points #grid.alpha : 1.0 # transparency, between 0.0 and 1.0
Legend
#legend.fancybox : False # if True, use a rounded box for the # legend, else a rectangle #legend.isaxes : True #legend.numpoints : 2 # the number of points in the legend line #legend.fontsize : large #legend.borderpad : 0.5 # border whitespace in fontsize units #legend.markerscale : 1.0 # the relative size of legend markers vs. original
the following dimensions are in axes coords
#legend.labelspacing : 0.5 # the vertical space between the legend entries in fraction of fontsize #legend.handlelength : 2. # the length of the legend lines in fraction of fontsize #legend.handleheight : 0.7 # the height of the legend handle in fraction of fontsize #legend.handletextpad : 0.8 # the space between the legend line and legend text in fraction of fontsize #legend.borderaxespad : 0.5 # the border between the axes and legend edge in fraction of fontsize #legend.columnspacing : 2. # the border between the axes and legend edge in fraction of fontsize #legend.shadow : False #legend.frameon : True # whether or not to draw a frame around legend #legend.framealpha : 1.0 # opacity of of legend frame #legend.scatterpoints : 3 # number of scatter points
FIGURE
See http://matplotlib.org/api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure
#figure.figsize : 8, 6 # figure size in inches #figure.dpi : 80 # figure dots per inch #figure.facecolor : 0.75 # figure facecolor; 0.75 is scalar gray #figure.edgecolor : white # figure edgecolor #figure.autolayout : False # When True, automatically adjust subplot # parameters to make the plot fit the figure #figure.max_open_warning : 20 # The maximum number of figures to open through # the pyplot interface before emitting a warning. # If less than one this feature is disabled.
The figure subplot parameters. All dimensions are a fraction of the
figure width or height
#figure.subplot.left : 0.125 # the left side of the subplots of the figure #figure.subplot.right : 0.9 # the right side of the subplots of the figure #figure.subplot.bottom : 0.1 # the bottom of the subplots of the figure #figure.subplot.top : 0.9 # the top of the subplots of the figure #figure.subplot.wspace : 0.2 # the amount of width reserved for blank space between subplots #figure.subplot.hspace : 0.2 # the amount of height reserved for white space between subplots
IMAGES
#image.aspect : equal # equal | auto | a number #image.interpolation : bilinear # see help(imshow) for options #image.cmap : jet # gray | jet etc… #image.lut : 256 # the size of the colormap lookup table #image.origin : upper # lower | upper #image.resample : False
CONTOUR PLOTS
#contour.negative_linestyle : dashed # dashed | solid
Agg rendering
Warning: experimental, 2008/10/10
#agg.path.chunksize : 0 # 0 to disable; values in the range # 10000 to 100000 can improve speed slightly # and prevent an Agg rendering failure # when plotting very large data sets, # especially if they are very gappy. # It may cause minor artifacts, though. # A value of 20000 is probably a good # starting point.
SAVING FIGURES
#path.simplify : True # When True, simplify paths by removing “invisible” # points to reduce file size and increase rendering # speed #path.simplify_threshold : 0.1 # The threshold of similarity below which # vertices will be removed in the simplification # process #path.snap : True # When True, rectilinear axis-aligned paths will be snapped to # the nearest pixel when certain criteria are met. When False, # paths will never be snapped. #path.sketch : None # May be none, or a 3-tuple of the form (scale, length, # randomness). # scale is the amplitude of the wiggle # perpendicular to the line (in pixels). length # is the length of the wiggle along the line (in # pixels). randomness is the factor by which # the length is randomly scaled.
the default savefig params can be different from the display params
e.g., you may want a higher resolution, or to make the figure
background white
#savefig.dpi : 100 # figure dots per inch #savefig.facecolor : white # figure facecolor when saving #savefig.edgecolor : white # figure edgecolor when saving #savefig.format : png # png, ps, pdf, svg #savefig.bbox : standard # ‘tight’ or ‘standard’. # ‘tight’ is incompatible with pipe-based animation # backends but will workd with temporary file based ones: # e.g. setting animation.writer to ffmpeg will not work, # use ffmpeg_file instead #savefig.pad_inches : 0.1 # Padding to be used when bbox is set to ‘tight’ #savefig.jpeg_quality: 95 # when a jpeg is saved, the default quality parameter. #savefig.directory : ~ # default directory in savefig dialog box, # leave empty to always use current working directory #savefig.transparent : False # setting that controls whether figures are saved with a # transparent background by default
tk backend params
#tk.window_focus : False # Maintain shell focus for TkAgg
ps backend params
#ps.papersize : letter # auto, letter, legal, ledger, A0-A10, B0-B10 #ps.useafm : False # use of afm fonts, results in small files #ps.usedistiller : False # can be: None, ghostscript or xpdf # Experimental: may produce smaller files. # xpdf intended for production of publication quality files, # but requires ghostscript, xpdf and ps2eps #ps.distiller.res : 6000 # dpi #ps.fonttype : 3 # Output Type 3 (Type3) or Type 42 (TrueType)
pdf backend params
#pdf.compression : 6 # integer from 0 to 9 # 0 disables compression (good for debugging) #pdf.fonttype : 3 # Output Type 3 (Type3) or Type 42 (TrueType)
svg backend params
#svg.image_inline : True # write raster image data directly into the svg file #svg.image_noscale : False # suppress scaling of raster data embedded in SVG #svg.fonttype : ‘path’ # How to handle SVG fonts:
‘none’: Assume fonts are installed on the machine where the SVG will be viewed.
‘path’: Embed characters as paths – supported by most SVG renderers
‘svgfont’: Embed characters as SVG fonts – supported only by Chrome,
Opera and Safari
docstring params
#docstring.hardcopy = False # set this when you want to generate hardcopy docstring
Set the verbose flags. This controls how much information
matplotlib gives you at runtime and where it goes. The verbosity
levels are: silent, helpful, debug, debug-annoying. Any level is
inclusive of all the levels below it. If your setting is “debug”,
you’ll get all the debug and helpful messages. When submitting
problems to the mailing-list, please set verbose to “helpful” or “debug”
and paste the output into your report.
#
The “fileo” gives the destination for any calls to verbose.report.
These objects can a filename, or a filehandle like sys.stdout.
#
You can override the rc default verbosity from the command line by
giving the flags –verbose-LEVEL where LEVEL is one of the legal
levels, eg –verbose-helpful.
#
You can access the verbose instance in your code
from matplotlib import verbose.
#verbose.level : silent # one of silent, helpful, debug, debug-annoying #verbose.fileo : sys.stdout # a log filename, sys.stdout or sys.stderr
Event keys to interact with figures/plots via keyboard.
Customize these settings according to your needs.
Leave the field(s) empty if you don’t need a key-map. (i.e., fullscreen : ‘’)
#keymap.fullscreen : f # toggling #keymap.home : h, r, home # home or reset mnemonic #keymap.back : left, c, backspace # forward / backward keys to enable #keymap.forward : right, v # left handed quick navigation #keymap.pan : p # pan mnemonic #keymap.zoom : o # zoom mnemonic #keymap.save : s # saving current figure #keymap.quit : ctrl+w, cmd+w # close the current figure #keymap.grid : g # switching on/off a grid in current axes #keymap.yscale : l # toggle scaling of y-axes (‘log’/’linear’) #keymap.xscale : L, k # toggle scaling of x-axes (‘log’/’linear’) #keymap.all_axes : a # enable all axes
Control location of examples data files
#examples.directory : ‘’ # directory to look in for custom installation
###ANIMATION settings #animation.writer : ffmpeg # MovieWriter ‘backend’ to use #animation.codec : mpeg4 # Codec to use for writing movie #animation.bitrate: -1 # Controls size/quality tradeoff for movie. # -1 implies let utility auto-determine #animation.frame_format: ‘png’ # Controls frame format used by temp files #animation.ffmpeg_path: ‘ffmpeg’ # Path to ffmpeg binary. Without full path # $PATH is searched #animation.ffmpeg_args: ‘’ # Additional arguments to pass to ffmpeg #animation.avconv_path: ‘avconv’ # Path to avconv binary. Without full path # $PATH is searched #animation.avconv_args: ‘’ # Additional arguments to pass to avconv #animation.mencoder_path: ‘mencoder’ # Path to mencoder binary. Without full path # $PATH is searched #animation.mencoder_args: ‘’ # Additional arguments to pass to mencoder #animation.convert_path: ‘convert’ # Path to ImageMagick’s convert binary. # On Windows use the full path since convert # is also the name of a system tool.
’’’ see [https://matplotlib.org/1.4.1/users/customizing.html#matplotlibrc-sample] see [http://web.stanford.edu/~ymkhan/blog/2015/matplotlib_change_default_font/]